Transporter Classification Database: Diferenzas entre as revisións

A '''Transporter Classification Database''' ou '''TCDB''' (Base de Datos de Clasificación de Transportadores) é un sistema de clasificación aprobado pola [[International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology]] (IUBMB) para as [[proteína transportadora de membrana|proteínas transportadoras de membrana]] incluíndo os [[canal iónico|canais iónicos]].<ref name="pmid19022853">{{cite journal |author=Saier MH, Yen MR, Noto K, Tamang DG, Elkan C |title=The Transporter Classification Database: recent advances |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=37 |issue=Database issue |pages=D274–8 |date=January 2009 |pmid=19022853 |pmc=2686586 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkn862 |url=http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=19022853}}</ref> Este sistema de clasificación foi deseñado para que fose análogo ao sistema do [[número EC]] para a clasificación de [[encima]]s, pero utiliza tamén información filoxenética.

Velaquí o nivelsuperior de clasificación e algúns exemplos de proteínas con estrutura tridimensional coñecida:

=== 1. [[Canal iónicol|Canais]]/Poros ===

==== 1.A Canais de tipo α ====

* 1.A.1 Superfamilia dos [[Canais iónicos regulados por voltaxe]]

* 1.A.2 [[Canal de K+ rectificador entrante]] animal

* 1.A.3 [[Canal de Ca2+ receptor de Ryanodine-inositol-1,4,5-trisfosfato]]

* 1.A.4 [[Canal de Ca2+ de potencial receptor transitorio]]

* 1.A.5 [[Canal de catións de policistina]]

* 1.A.6 [[Canal de Na+ epitelial]]

* 1.A.7 [[Canal de catións regulado por ATP]]

* 1.A.8 [[Proteín a intrínseca maior]]

* 1.A.9 [[Canal iónico regulado por ligando]] de [[receptor de neurotransmisores|receptores de neurotransmisores]]

* 1.A.10 [[Canal iónico regulado por glutmato]] de receptores de neurotransmisores

* 1.A.11 [[Canal de cloruro]]

* 1.A.12 [[Canal de cloruro organular]]

* 1.A.13 [[Canal de cloruro epitelial]]

* 1.A.14 [[canal de catións non selectivo 1]]

* 1.A.15 [[Canal de catións non selectivo 2]]

* 1.A.16 [[Canal de Ca2+, selectivo de catións activado por estiramento de lévedos]]

* 1.A.17 [[Canal de solutos da membrana externa dos cloroplastos]]

* 1.A.18 [[Formador do canal de anións da membrana do cloroplasto]]

* 1.A.19 [[canal da matriz 2 do virus da influenza]]

* 1.A.20 [[canal de H+ do cyt b558 asociado á gp91phox fagocito NADPH-oxidase]]

* 1.A.22 [[Canal iónico mecanosensible de gran condutancia]]

* 1.A.23 [[Canal iónico mecanosensible de pequena condutancia]]

* 1.A.28 [[Transportador de urea]] (canal)

* 1.A.29 [[Canal de urea/amida]]

* 1.A.30 [[superfamilia do enerxizador do transporte MotAB motor flaxelar/ExbBD da membrana externa bacteriano translocador de H+- ou Na+]]

* 1.A.32 [[Canal NB do virus da influenza Tipo B]]

* 1.A.33 [[Proteína de shock térmico 70]] formadora de canais de catións

* 1.A.34 [[Canal E1 do virus Envelope]]

* 1.A.35 [[Transportador de ións metálicos]] (canal)

* 1.A.36 [[Canal de cloruro intracelular]]

====1.B [[β-Barrel]] porins====

====1.C Pore-forming toxins (proteins and peptides)====

====1.D Non-ribosomally synthesized channels====

====1.E [[Holin]]s====

====1.F [[Vesicle fusion]] pores====

====1.G [[Viral fusion]] pores====

====1.H [[Paracellular channel]]s====

====1.I [[Membrane-bound channel]]s====

* 1.I.1 [[Nuclear pore complex]] family, including [[karyopherin]]s

* 1.I.2 Plant [[plasmodesmata]] family

====Ungrouped====

*[[Voltage-gated ion channel]] like, including [[potassium channel]]s [[KcsA potassium channel|KcsA]] and KvAP, and [[inward-rectifier potassium ion channel]] Kirbac<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=8</ref>

*[[Large-conductance mechanosensitive channel, MscL]]<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=12</ref>

*[[Mechanosensitive ion channel|Small-conductance mechanosensitive ion channel (MscS)]]<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=11</ref>

*[[Magnesium transporters|CorA metal ion transporters]]<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=72</ref>

*[[Ligand-gated ion channel]] of [[neurotransmitter]] receptors ([[acetylcholine receptor]])<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=14</ref>

*[[Aquaporin]]s<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=7</ref>

*[[Chloride channel]]s<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=10</ref>

*Outer membrane auxiliary proteins (polysaccharide transporter)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=188</ref>

*[[Porin (protein)|Porins]] and some other [[beta barrel]] proteins of [[Bacterial outer membrane|outer membranes]]

===2. Electrochemical Potential-driven Transporters===

====2.A Porters ([[uniporter]]s, [[symporter]]s, [[antiporter]]s)====

====2.B Nonribosomally synthesized porters====

====2.C Ion-gradient-driven energizers====

====Ungrouped====

*[[Mitochondrial]] [[carrier protein]]s<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=21</ref>

*Major Facilitator Superfamily (Glycerol-3-phosphate transporter, Lactose [[permease]], and Multidrug transporter EmrD)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=15</ref>

*Resistance-nodulation-cell division (multidrug [[efflux (microbiology)|efflux]] transporter AcrB, see [[multidrug resistance]])<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=16</ref>

*Dicarboxylate/amino acid:cation symporter (proton glutamate symporter)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=20</ref>

*Monovalent cation/proton antiporter (Sodium/proton antiporter 1 NhaA)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=66</ref>

*[[Neurotransmitter]] sodium symporter<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=67</ref>

*Ammonia transporters<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=13</ref>

*Drug/Metabolite Transporter (small multidrug resistance transporter EmrE - the structures are retracted as erroneous)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=77</ref>

===3. [[Primary active transport|Primary Active Transporters]]===

====3.A. P-P-bond hydrolysis-driven transporters====

*P-type [[calcium ATPase]] (five different conformations)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=22</ref>

*Calcium ATPase regulators [[phospholamban]] and sarcolipin<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=70</ref>

*[[ABC transporter]]s: BtuCD,<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=17</ref> multidrug transporter,<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=18</ref> and molybdate uptake transporter<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=198</ref>

*General [[secretory pathway]] (Sec) [[translocon]] (preprotein translocase SecY)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=19</ref>

====3.B Decarboxylation-driven transporters====

====3.C Methyltransfer-driven transporters====

====3.D. Oxidoreduction-driven transporters====

*Transmembrane cytochrome b-like proteins:<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=3</ref> [[coenzyme Q - cytochrome c reductase]] (cytochrome bc1 ); [[cytochrome b6f complex]]; formate dehydrogenase, respiratory [[nitrate reductase]]; [[succinate - coenzyme Q reductase]] (fumarate reductase); and [[succinate dehydrogenase]]. See [[electron transport chain]].

*[[Cytochrome c oxidase]]s<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=4</ref> from [[bacteria]] and [[mitochondria]]

====3.E. Light absorption-driven transporters====

*[[Bacteriorhodopsin]]-like proteins including [[rhodopsin]] (see also [[opsin]])<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=6</ref>

*Bacterial [[photosynthetic reaction centre]]s and [[photosystem]]s I and II<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=2</ref>

*[[Light harvesting complex]]es from [[bacteria]] and [[chloroplasts]]<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=1</ref>

====Ungrouped Electrochemical potential-driven transporters====

*Proton or sodium translocating F-type and V-type [[ATPase]]s<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/families.php?superfamily=5</ref>

===4. Group Translocators===

====4.A Phosphotransfer-driven group translocators====

====4.B Nicotinamide ribonucleoside uptake transporters====

====4.C Acyl CoA ligase-coupled transporters====

===5. Transport Electron Carriers===

====5.A Transmembrane 2-electron transfer carriers====

====5.B Transmembrane 1-electron transfer carriers====

*Disulfide bond formation protein B (DsbB)<ref>http://opm.phar.umich.edu/protein.php?search=2hi7</ref>

===6. Unused===

Reserved for future expansion

Reserved for future expansion

=== 8. Accessory Factors Involved in Transport===

==== 8.A Auxiliary transport proteins====

====8.B Ribosomally synthesized protein/peptide toxins that target channels and carriers====

====8.C Non-ribosomally synthesized toxins that target channels and carriers====

===9. Incompletely Characterized Transport Systems===

====9.A Recognized transporters of unknown biochemical mechanism====

====9.B Putative transport proteins====

====9.C Functionally characterized transporters lacking identified sequences====

* [http://www.tcdb.org/ Transporter Classification Database]

* [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iubmb/mtp/ List] en qmul.ac.uk

* {{cite journal |author=Saier MH, Tran CV, Barabote RD |title=TCDB: the Transporter Classification Database for membrane transport protein analyses and information |journal=Nucleic Acids Res. |volume=34 |issue=Database issue |pages=D181–6 |date=January 2006 |pmid=16381841 |pmc=1334385 |doi=10.1093/nar/gkj001 |url=http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=16381841}}

* {{cite journal |author=Busch W, Saier MH |title=The transporter classification (TC) system, 2002 |journal=Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. |volume=37 |issue=5 |pages=287–337 |year=2002 |pmid=12449427 |doi= 10.1080/10409230290771528|url=}}