Virginia

Virginia

U.S. state

Pahi la	contiguous United States, South Atlantic states
Di pilli ni	25 Silimin gɔli June 1788
Yu'maŋli	Commonwealth of Virginia
Zuliya wuhibu	Virginia
Yupaa	Old Dominion, Mother of Presidents and the Mother of Statesmen
Yu'ŋmaa	VA, Va.
Binyarsi Suɣubu Shɛi	West Virginia State Archives
Siɣili-lana yuli	Colony of Virginia
Yu'gahindili	Virginian, virginiani
Yɛltɔɣa din nyɛ tuma ni dini	Silmiinsili
Tiŋgbani silima	Our Great Virginia
Taachi	Sic semper tyrannis, Virginia is for Lovers
Taachi sabbu	Sic semper tyrannis, Virginia is for lovers
Dunia yaɣili	North America
Tiŋa	America
Tinzuɣu	Richmond
Din be shɛli polona	America
Wakati luɣili	America/New_York
Be ni bee n pa kodoosheei zuɣu	Atlantic Ocean
Tiŋgbaŋ yaɣili calinli	37°30′0″N 79°0′0″W
Coordinates of geographic center	37°31′17″N 78°51′13″W
Coordinates of easternmost point	38°1′37″N 75°14′33″W
Coordinates of northernmost point	39°27′58″N 78°20′50″W
Coordinates of southernmost point	36°32′27″N 79°30′38″W
Coordinates of westernmost point	36°36′3″N 83°40′31″W
Highest point	Mount Rogers
Lowest point	Atlantic Ocean
Office held by the head of government	Governor of Virginia
Tiŋgbani zuɣ'lana	Abigail Spanberger
Kpamba yaɣili	Commonwealth of Virginia
Loo zalibu yaɣa	Virginia General Assembly
Saliya dibu kpamba ban be tooni	Supreme Court of Virginia
Nira zaŋti	Ohio River Valley Water Sanitation Commission
Foundational text	Constitution of Virginia
Taɣi	Colony of Virginia
Bal' tɔɣasira	Powhatan, Nottoway, Pennsylvania German, Silmiinsili
Lahabaya dundɔŋ din mali dihitabili	https://www.virginia.gov/
Hasitagi	Virginia
Tuuta	flag of Virginia
Has seal, badge, or sigil	seal of Virginia
Official symbol	Cardinalis cardinalis, Virginia Quadricentennial tartan
Geography of topic	environment of Virginia
Taarihi bachikpani dalinli	history of Virginia
Nahingbaŋ maŋli	no value
Related category	Category:Virginia-related lists
Open data portal	Virginia Open Data Portal
Economy of topic	economy of Virginia
Demographics of topic	demographics of Virginia
OpenStreetMap zoom level	6
Lihigu pubu	Category:Views of Virginia
Category for maps or plans	Category:Virginia maps

 

 From Wikidata

Virginia nyɛla tiŋgbani titali (State) be United States. Di mini Maryland northeast, Atlantic Ocean southeast, North Carolina mini Tennessee south, Kentucky west, n-ti pahi West Virginia northwest n-nyɛ tiŋtarisi ni taba. Di tiŋ zuɣu n-nyɛ Richmond.

Virginia, bɛ ni booni li sɔŋ Commonwealth of Virginia, nyɛla state din be Southeastern mini Mid-Atlantic polo United States, Atlantic Coast mini Appalachian Mountains sunsuuni. Di tarisi n-nyɛ Kentucky wulinpuhili polo, Tennessee south-west, North Carolina south, West Virginia north-west, ni Maryland north. Di tinzuɣu n-nyɛ Richmond, ka di tiŋkarili n-nyɛ Virginia Beach. Niriba kalinli 8.8 million, di n-nyɛ 12th niriba pam state, 15th din mali niriba pam. Virginia niriba pirigi buta puuni yini be Northern Virginia, di puuni n-mali tiŋa din mali niriba pam - Fairfax County.

Eastern Virginia be Atlantic Plain ni, Middle Peninsula n-nyɛ Chesapeake Bay noli. Central Virginia be Piedmont, Blue Ridge Mountains nabiya polo. Shenandoah Valley ko n-nyɛ din mali pukparigu pam, Northern Virginia ariziki yila technology companies mini U.S federal government agencies. Hampton Roads n-nyɛ seaport mini Naval Station Norfolk, dunia naval base din galisi gari di zaa.

Taarihi (History)

Piligu Ninvuɣu shɛba - Hunter-gatherers daa paai Virginia yuma 17,000 nyaaŋa. Daugherty's Cave wuhiri ni bɛ daa be ni 9,800 yuuni nyaaŋa. Late Woodland (500-1000 AD), pukparigu daa yɛli - tuuli corn mini squash, nyaaŋa beans mini tobacco yi southwest mini Mexico. Tiŋa din mali goondini daa pili 1200. 1500s niriba kalinli daa nyɛ 50,000. Tinsi kara daa nyɛla Tsenacommacah jaatabi kamani Chesapeake, Pamunkey, Chickahominy mɔŋ ni. South polo Nottoway mini Meherrin, Tutelo west.

Tsenacommacan jaatabi pihita daa laɣim Wahunsenacawh (Chief Powhatan) sulinsi ni 1570s. Powhatan Confederacy daa gbubi tiŋsi 150, niriba 15,000 yuuni 1607. Amaa niriba pirigi dibaa ata puuni yini daa kpi smallpox mini Old World doro yuuni maa puuni.

Colony - Europe nim daa gɔri Chesapeake Bay 16th century. Queen Elizabeth I daa sɔŋ Walter Raleigh 1584 expedition. "Virginia" yuli daa yila Captain Arthur Barlowe, di ni tooi yi "Virgin Queen" bee Algonquin yɛltɔɣa Wingandacoa. Yuli maa daa wuhiri coastal region zaa South Carolina hali ni Maine, ni Bermuda island. Raleigh colony daa bi tooi, amaa King James I daa ti Virginia Company of London charter 1606, ka Christopher Newport daa me Jamestown 1607.

Settlers pam daa bi miŋ ni bɛ gu ba. John Smith n-daa deeri bindirigu Powhatan nim sani, o yi nyaaŋa 1609, kum mini kɔŋ daa paai. 14 yuun piligu, 80% settlers 8,000 puuni daa kpi. Tobacco daa tahi tuma bɔra. 1618 headright system daa ti tiŋgbani n-ti ninvuɣu shɛba ban tahiri indentured servants. Africa daba tuuli bɛ daa da ba Virginia 1619. Zalisi daa wuhiri ni daba nyɛla race-based 1661, maternally inherited 1662.

1699, Jamestown statehouse ni daa di buɣim nyaaŋa, bɛ daa taɣi capital chaŋ Williamsburg, College of William & Mary daa pili 6 yuun nyaaŋa.

1619, dabba shɛba daa piiri representatives House of Burgesses. 1624 monarchy daa yihi company charter. William Berkeley daa leei governor 1642. Frontier ni Tutelo mini Doeg daa nyɛla Seneca nim ni ŋmɛri ba, ka gbarigiri colonial nim. 1676 Nathaniel Bacon followers daa nyɔ Jamestown.

Bacon's Rebellion daa che ka Bacon's Laws dihi gbana, ka saɣi ti attacks n-ti native jaatabi mini bɛ daba tali. Treaty of 1677 daa filim jaatabi yiko. 1700s colonists daa chani west, Ohio Company daa pili 1748. France daa nya li ka di nyɛ barina, French and Indian War daa pili 1754, Virginia Regiment n-daa nyɛ George Washington tooni.

Statehood - French and Indian War nyaaŋa British Parliament daa pa pɔri shɛŋa, niriba daa bi bɔri li. Patrick Henry mini Richard Henry Lee n-daa tooi bi saɣi ti. Virginians daa laɣim ni colonies shɛŋa 1773, ka zaŋ delegates Continental Congress. House of Burgesses daa wurim 1774, Virginia Conventions daa gbubi. 15 May 1776 Convention daa mɔli Virginia maŋsulinsi, ka zaŋ George Mason Virginia Declaration of Rights niŋ constitution - Virginia leei commonwealth. Thomas Jefferson daa zaŋ Mason tuma maŋ Declaration of Independence.

Revolutionary War piligu, George Washington daa leei Continental Army toondana. Virginia n-daa nyɛ tuuli colony ŋun saɣi Articles of Confederation December 1777. April 1780 capital daa labi Richmond, Thomas Jefferson daa zɔri ni Williamsburg mɔŋ ni tooi nyɛ British attack. 1781 British daa ŋmɛ Richmond, amaa September Marquis de Lafayette mini French warships daa gili British Virginia Peninsula. 16,000 soldiers George Washington mini Comte de Rochambeau daa nyɛ nasara Yorktown siege 19 October 1781.

Virginians n-daa sabi U.S Constitution. James Madison daa sabi Virginia Plan 1787 mini Bill of Rights 1789, Virginia daa saɣi Constitution 25 June 1788. Virginia bɛ booni li "Mother of States" domi di puuni ka Kentucky mini states pam yi, ni pioneers pam dɔɣim shee.

Civil War - 1790-1860 daba kalinli daa yi 290,000 chaŋ 490,000, state niriba pirigi buta puuni yini. Tobacco pukparigu daa chɔɣim tiŋa, plantations daa kuli kohiri daba. Gabriel Prosser 1800, George Boxley 1815, Nat Turner 1831 daa bɔri ni bɛ yihi daba tali amaa bɛ bi tooi. John Brown daa ŋmɛ Harpers Ferry 16 October 1859 domin o piligi daba tobu.

Abraham Lincoln piibu 1860 daa che ka south nim zɔri. Fort Sumter deebu 14 April 1861 daa che ka Lincoln boon militiamen 75,000. Virginia Secession Convention 17 April 1861 daa mɔli ni bɛ yi, 20 May bɛ daa pahi Confederacy ka Richmond leei capital. May 23 referendum, pro-Confederate nim daa mɔŋ northwest counties, bɛ daa laɣim Wheeling Convention ka nam West Virginia palli.

Union mini Confederacy tuuli tobu Bull Run 21 July 1861, Manassas. Lee daa kari Union bɛɣu, tobu pam daa ŋmɛ Virginia - Fredericksburg, Chancellorsville, Spotsylvania, Appomattox Court House Lee ni daa ti maŋa 9 April 1865.

Reconstruction mini segregation - Virginia daa labina U.S 1870. Reconstruction saha Black niriba daa laɣim Richmond, Danville, Tidewater, ka tooi deei tiŋgbani 1870s. Constitution 1868 daa ti political, civil, voting rights, ni free public schools. Amaa railroad mini infrastructure daa wurim Civil War ni, Commonwealth daa mali samli, 1870s bahigu bɛ daa taɣi shikuru liɣiri n-ti bondholders. Readjuster Party 1877 daa di nasara 1879 ka laɣim Black mini White domin samli yɔbu mini plantation elites. Bɛ daa me shikuruti kamani Virginia Tech mini Virginia State. 1883 anti-miscegenation laws nambu daa waligi ba, Danville riot daa ku niriba 5, 4 n-nyɛ Black. White supremacists daa gbaai ya n-zaŋ voter suppression, Jim Crow laws, constitution 1902 ni poll tax din daa mɔŋ Black mini faranima votibu.

New economic forces daa taɣi Commonwealth. James Albert Bonsack daa nam tobacco cigarette machine 1880, Richmond daa leei center. Collis Potter Huntington daa me Newport News Shipbuilding 1886, ka me warships 38 1907-1923. WWI German submarines daa ŋmɛ ships port ni. WWII shipyard daa mali tumtumda 70,000, Radford Arsenal 22,000.

Civil rights to present - High-school bia Barbara Rose Johns daa piligi strike 1951 di shikuru din bi yiri mini din waligi Prince Edward County. Bɛ daa zaŋ case pahi Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ni, din daa yihi "separate but equal" 1954. Byrd Organization daa piligi "massive resistance", General Assembly daa mɔŋ liɣiri n-ti local schools shɛŋa din laɣim 1956. Courts daa yɛli ni di bi doli zalisi, 2 February 1959 Black bihi daa kpe shikuruti Arlington mini Norfolk (Norfolk 17). Prince Edward daa kpari shikuru June 1959, Supreme Court daa yɛli ni bɛ yooi 1964.

Civil Rights Act 1964 mini Voting Rights Act 1965 daa naai segregation. 1967 Supreme Court daa yihi interracial marriage mɔbu Loving v. Virginia. 1968 Governor Mills Godwin daa sabi constitution palli, di daa mɔŋ discrimination, referendum daa saɣi 1971. 1989 Douglas Wilder n-daa nyɛ tuuli African American governor U.S, 1992 Bobby Scott n-daa nyɛ tuuli Black congressman Virginia 1888 nyaaŋa.

Cold War saha federal offices daa yɛli Northern Virginia, CIA daa yi Foggy Bottom chaŋ Langley 1961, Pentagon bɛ daa me Arlington WWII saha, 11 September 2001 hijacked plane daa ŋmɛ li. Virginia Tech 2007 mini Virginia Beach 2019 shootings daa tahi gun control 2020. Confederate monuments yihibu daa pili 2017 mini 2020 Black Lives Matter demonstrations.

Geography mini Economy

Virginia nyɛla 42,774.2 square miles, kom 3,180.13 square miles, 35th galisim. Tarisi ni Maryland, D.C, Atlantic Ocean, North Carolina, Tennessee, Kentucky, West Virginia.

Southern border 36°30' north latitude. Surveyors 18th century daa piligi 3.5 miles north. Supreme Court daa yɛli Tennessee yɛltɔɣa 1893, ka Bristol tiŋa pirigi states ayi.

Geology - Chesapeake Bay nyɛla Susquehanna River valley din niŋ kom. Virginia mɔɣa pam zori Bay ni - Potomac, Rappahannock, York, James, din nam peninsulas ata: Northern Neck, Middle Peninsula, Virginia Peninsula. Sea level rise diri islands kamani Tangier mini Chincoteague (23 barrier islands). Tidewater nyɛ coastal plain. Piedmont nyɛ sedimentary mini igneous rock foothills, clay soil, Southwest Mountains Charlottesville. Blue Ridge Mountains n-nyɛ Appalachian, zuɣusaa Mount Rogers 5,729 ft. Ridge-and-Valley west polo, carbonate rock, Massanutten Mountain, Shenandoah Valley. Cumberland Plateau southwest. Virginia seismic bi mali earthquake pam, amaa 5.8 23 August 2011 central Virginia. 35 million yuuni nyaaŋa bolide daa lu eastern Virginia ka nam Chesapeake Bay impact crater. Carbonate rock mali limestone caves 4,000, pia yoi tourism - Luray Caverns, Skyline Caverns, Natural Bridge.

Climate - Virginia mali humid subtropical, transition to humid continental west Blue Ridge. January average 25°F (-4°C), July 86°F (30°C). Atlantic Ocean mini Gulf Stream che ka east polo maai. Average precipitation 43.47 inches. Shenandoah Valley n-nyɛ dry polo. Thunderstorms 35-45 dabsili yuuni, April-September, tornadoes 6 2025. Hurricanes August-October, Camille 1969 daa ku niriba 150 Nelson County. December-March cold-air damming che ka snow di, blizzard January 2016 36.6 inches Bluemont. Cities snow 5.8-12.3 inches yuuni, 2022-2023 bi mali snow. Climate change tahiri tulim mini kom pam, urban heat islands, redlining neighborhoods. Air summa 1998 nyaaŋa, coal plants wurimbu daa filim particulate matter pirigi buyi. Plan 30% renewable 2030, carbon-free 2050.

Ecosystem - Forests 62% Virginia 2021, 80% hardwood (deciduous), 20% pine - loblolly mini shortleaf pine central mini east, west polo oak mini hickory, hemlocks mini mosses. Tidewater yellow pines, bald cypress wetland Great Dismal mini Nottoway swamps. Trees: red spruce, Atlantic white cedar, tulip-poplar, flowering dogwood (state tree/flower). Plants: milkweed, dandelions, daisies, ferns, Virginia creeper (state flag). Thompson Wildlife Area Fauquier mali trillium pam.

Mammals 75 species, white-tailed deer (Virginia deer) 25,000 1930s chaŋ 1 million 2010s, Shenandoah National Park 7,000. Black bears 5-6k, bobcats, coyotes, foxes, raccoons, weasels, skunks, groundhogs, beavers, squirrels, chipmunks, bats 17 - brown bats, Virginia big-eared bat (state mammal). Virginia opossum n-nyɛ marsupial ko U.S. Birds 422 species, 359 regular, 214 bred, water birds sandpipers, wood ducks, Virginia rail, warblers, woodpeckers, cardinals (state bird), osprey, hawks, owls. Fish 226 species, Eastern blacknose dace, sculpin, smallmouth bass, brook trout (state fish), stripeback darter, Roanoke bass. Chesapeake Bay clams, oysters, 350 saltwater fish, Bay anchovy, blue catfish invasive, 238 million blue crabs 2025. Crayfish 34, amphibians Cumberland Plateau salamander, Eastern hellbender, northern watersnake 32 snake species.

Protected lands - 2024 17.1% tiŋgbani nyɛla bɛ gu shɛli. Federal lands pam, 30 National Park Service units, Great Falls Park, Appalachian Trail, Shenandoah National Park (40% wilderness). U.S Forest Service George Washington mini Jefferson National Forests 1.6 million acres. Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Back Bay. State agencies 1/3, Department of Conservation and Recreation 75,900 acres 40 state parks, 59,222 acres 65 Natural Area Preserves. Breaks Interstate Park Kentucky border, inter-state parks ayi puuni yini. Sustainable logging 26 state forests 71,972 acres, hunting 44 Wildlife Management Areas 205,000 acres. Chesapeake Bay protected state/federal.

Cities mini Towns

Virginia pirigi 95 counties mini 38 independent cities, county-equivalents. Cities mini counties yiko yim - unique Virginia, Williamsburg mini Norfolk colonial influence. Independent cities 3 ko U.S shɛli. Differences bela - tax, bonds referendum, Dillon's Rule. Counties mali incorporated towns, Census mali unincorporated communities kobisi.

3 million (35% Virginians) be Northern Virginia, Washington metropolitan area, Northeast megalopolis. Fairfax County 1.1 million, Tysons office market. Prince William County 450k+, Quantico, FBI Academy, Manassas Battlefield. Arlington County smallest self-governing county U.S, high density. Loudoun fastest-growing. West Virginia Roanoke city mini Montgomery County, Blacksburg-Christiansburg, 100k+ 2018.

Tidewater western edge Richmond capital 230k city, 1.3m metro. Eastern edge Hampton Roads metro 1.7m 6 counties 9 cities, 3 independent cities pam: Virginia Beach, Chesapeake, Norfolk. Suffolk galisim 429.1 sq miles (1,111 km2) Great Dismal Swamp. Independent cities pam Tidewater domi rural counties daa labi cities 1950s domin bɛ gu suburban neighborhoods, Norfolk mini Portsmouth daa tooi deei tiŋgbani hali ni moratorium 1987. Shɛŋa kamani Poquoson daa leei cities domin bɛ gu segregation 1970s.