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Aucanquilcha is a large compound volcano in Chile. It has the form of a ridge reaching an altitude of 6,176 m (20,262 ft) above sea level and formed between 1.04 and 0.23 million years ago. During the ice ages, Aucanquilcha was covered in an ice cap that left moraines and cirques. It has generated lava in a dacite composition. Systematic variations in temperature, crystal and biotite content have been recorded during the evolution of the cluster. They reflect the change of the magma supply conduits in the crust from dispersed magma chambers to a centralized volcanic system. A mine was opened at an altitude of 5,950 m (19,520 ft) in 1913; it remained in use from 1950 to 1992, constituting at that time the world's highest mine, and mined the sulfur deposits of the volcano in its summit area. As part of this mining activity, a road and an aerial cableway were built on Aucanquilcha. In 1986, four men were reported to be living at an altitude of 5,900 m (19,400 ft), making them the highest permanent residents on Earth. (Full article...)