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This genus resembles no other group of Enterobacteriaceae.[1] Cedecea bacteria are Gram-negative, bacillus in shape, motile, nonencapsulated, and nonspore-forming.[2][3] The strains of Cedecea appear to be similar to strains in the genus Serratia. Both Cedecea and Serratia are lipase positive and resistant to colistin and cephalothin; however, Cedecea is unable to hydrolyze gelatin or DNA. [3][4][5][6]
History of Genus
[edit]Cedecea bacteria were discovered in 1977 by a group of scientists at the CDC and were intially named “Enteric Group 15”. [1][3][4][6][7]. In 1980, Patrick A. D. Grimont and Francine Grimont proposed the genus name of Cedecea to this group.[1][3][4][6][7] This particular name was given to "Enteric Group 15" for the abbreviation of the Center for Disease Control (CDC) where the group of bacteria was discovered.[1] At this time, five species had been identified.[7] Currently, three strains have been named while two strains remain unnamed.[1]
Cedecea davisae was named after Betty Davis. Davis is an American bacteriologist who has contributed to serological and biochemical identification of Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae. Davis is a bacteriologist at the Enteric Bacteriology Laboratories, CDC, in Atlanta, Georgia.[7]
Cedecea lapagei was named after Stephen Lapage, who is a British bacteriologist. Lapage has contributed to bacterial systematics as the editor of Bacteriological Code. Lapage has also made many contributions to the Enterobacteriaceae.[7]
Cedecea neteri was named after Erwin Neter. Neter is not only an American microbiologist, but, also, a physician. Like Davis and Lapage, Neter has contributed to the Enterobacteriaceae.[7]
The unnamed species in the Cedeceae genus are referred to as species 3 and 5 for the order in which they were discovered. They currently remain unnamed due to the low number of strains available for study. Most recently, a new species has been identified and is referred to as species 6.[7]
Clinical
[edit]Cedecea strains are rarely isolated from the environment or clinical specimen of hospitalized patients.[2][6] Strains have been isolated from the following specimen: sputum, blood, skin wounds, gall bladder, urine and lung tissue.[2][3][5][6] These specimen were collected from a handful of patients who were elderly, medically compromised or immunocompromised.[2][6] Even though these strains have been isolated, their role in disease and clinical significance is yet to be discovered.[6]
Treatment
[edit]Patients who are infected with Cedecea can benefit from antibiotic therapy; however, this can be a challenge due to Cedecea strains being resistant to a range of antimicrobial agents.[2][3][6] Cedecea strains are resistant to the following antimicrobial agents: cephalothin, extended spectrium cephalosporins, colistin, and several aminoglycosides.[6] Managing an infection caused by Cedecea can be challenging due to the genus’ resistance to antibiotics.[3]
References
[edit]- 1 2 3 4 5 Grimont, P. A. D., Grimont, F., Farmer III, J. J., and Asbury, M. A. (1981). Cedecea davisae gen. nov., sp. nov. and Cedecea lapagei sp. nov., New Enterobacteriaceae from clinical specimens. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology 31, 317-326.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Mawardi, H., Pavlakis, M., Mandelbrot, D., Woo, S. B. (2010). Sirolimus oral ulcer with Cedecea davisae superinfection. Transpl Infect Dis 12, 446-450.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Abate,G., Qureshi, S., and Mazumder, S. A. (2011). Cedecea davisae bacteremia in a neutropenic patient with acute myeloid leukemia. Journal of Infection 63, 83-85.
- 1 2 3 Farmer III, J. J., Sheth, N. K., Hudzinski, J. A., Rose, H. D., Asbury, M. F. (1982). Bacteremia due to Cedecea neteri sp. nov. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 16, 775-778.
- 1 2 Perkins, S. R., Beckett, T. A., Bump, C. M. (1986). Cedecea davisae bacteremia. Journal of Clinical Microbiology 24, 675-676.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Dalamaga, M., Karmaniolas, K., Arsenis, G., Pantelaki, M., Daskalopoulou, K., Papadavid, E., and Migdalis, I. (2008). Cedecea lapagei bacteremia following cement-related chemical burn injury. Burns 34, 1205-1207.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Dalamaga, M., and Vrioni, G. (2011). Cedecea. Molecular detection of human bacterial pathogens, 817-825.