CLaMS
 CLaMS | |
|---|---|
Chemical transport model (en)  | |
| Bayanai | |
| Farawa | 2000 |
| Amfani | Ilimin kimiyyar yanayi |
| Mai haɓakawa | Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH (mul) |
M">C Chemical La Model of the S tsarin jigilar sunadarai ne wanda aka haɓaka a Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jamus. McKenna et al. ne suka fara bayyana CLaMS (2002a,b) kuma Konopka et al. 2004 sun fadada shi zuwa kashi uku. An yi amfani da CLaMS a cikin kamfen ɗin filin Turai na baya-bayan nan THESEO, EUPLEX, TROCCINOX SCOUT-O3, da RECONCILE tare da mai da hankali kan kwaikwayon ƙarancin ozone da jigilar tururi na ruwa.
Babban ƙarfin CLaMS idan aka kwatanta da sauran CTMs sune
CLaMS ya yi tsalle
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ba kamar sauran CTMs ba (misali SLIMCAT, REPROBUS), CLaMS yana aiki a kan grid na samfurin Lagrangian (duba sashi game da grid na samfurin a cikin samfurin zagayawa gaba ɗaya): ana bayyana wani sashi na iska ta hanyar ma'auni uku na sarari da daidaita lokaci. Hanyar juyin halitta na lokaci da iska ke biye da ita a sararin samaniya ana kiranta trajectory. Tsarin haɗuwa na musamman yana tabbatar da cewa ana sanya rarrabawar zahiri a kan tarin hanyoyi a yankunan da ke da iska mai ƙarfi.
CLaMS tana aiki a kan hanyoyin da aka warware a kwance. Ma'aunin sararin samaniya shine latitude, longitude da yiwuwar zafin jiki.
Matsayi na CLaMS
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]CLaMS ya ƙunshi nau'o'i huɗu da masu sarrafawa da yawa. Modules guda huɗu sune
- Tsarin hanya
- tsarin sunadarai na akwatin
- Tsarin hadawa na Lagrangian
- Tsarin Lagrangian
Tsarin hanya
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haɗin hanyoyi tare da Hanyar Runge-Kutta ta 4th, matakin lokaci na haɗin kai minti 30. Ana lissafin motsi na tsaye daga kasafin kudin radiation.
Tsarin sunadarai na akwatin
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Chemistry ya dogara ne akan lambar sunadarai ta ASAD na Jami'ar Cambridge. Fiye da halayen sunadarai 100 da suka shafi nau'ikan sunadarai 40+ ana la'akari da su. Mataki na lokaci na hadewa shine minti 10, ana iya haɗa nau'o'in cikin iyalai masu sinadarai don sauƙaƙe haɗin kai. Tsarin ya haɗa da samfurin canja wurin radiative don ƙudurin ƙimar photolysis. Har ila yau, tsarin ya haɗa da halayen daban-daban akan NAT, kankara da ruwa.
Haɗuwa da Lagrangian
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Haɗuwa ta dogara ne akan lalacewar grid na rarrabawar iska iri ɗaya. Ana bincika raguwa ko abubuwan tsawo na nisan zuwa ga sassan iska makwabta: idan an kai ga tsawo mai mahimmanci (ƙuntata), ana gabatar da sabbin sassan iska (an ɗauke su). Ta wannan hanyar, ana kwaikwayon yaduwar anisotropic a cikin hanyar zahiri.
Rashin ruwa na Lagrangian
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Ana lissafin sedimentation na Lagrangian ta hanyar bin ƙwayoyin nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) waɗanda zasu iya girma ko raguwa ta hanyar ɗaukar ko saki HNO3 daga / zuwa matakin gas. Wadannan sassan barbashi ana kwaikwayon su da kansu daga sassan iska na Lagrangian. Ana ƙayyade hanyoyin su ta amfani da iskõki na kwance da saurin daidaitawa na tsaye wanda ya dogara da girman barbashi. Ana amfani da ƙwayoyin NAT ta hanyar ɗaukar ƙimar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna narkewa inda yanayin zafi ya karu da yawa. Tare da wannan, an ƙaddara sake rarraba HNO3 (denitrification da renitrification).
Bayanan CLaMS
[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]Misali na jigilar sinadarai ba ya kwaikwayon yanayin yanayi. Ga CLaMS, an yi amfani da bayanan yanayi masu zuwa
- Cibiyar Turai don Tsakanin Yanayi (ECMWF), Tsinkaya, Bincike, ERA-15, ERA-40
- Ofishin Tattaunawar Burtaniya (UKMO)
- Cibiyar Turai Hamburg Atmospheric Model (ECHAM4), a cikin sigar DLR
Don fara filayen sunadarai a cikin CLaMS, bayanai daga kayan aiki iri-iri sun ba da bayanai.
- a kan tauraron dan adam (CRISTA, MIPAS, MLS, HALOE, ILAS, ...),
- a kan jirgin sama da balloons (HALOX, FISH, Mark IV, BONBON...)
Idan babu abubuwan lura, za a iya fara fannonin sunadarai daga samfuran sunadarai guda biyu, samfuran sunayensu, yanayin yanayi, ko kuma daga alaƙa tsakanin nau'ikan sunadarai ko nau'ikan sinadarai da masu canji masu ƙarfi.