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Gamergate

Daga Wikipedia, Insakulofidiya ta kyauta.
Gamergate
social media campaign (en) Fassara, hashtag (en) Fassara da Cin-zarafi
Bayanai
Farawa2014
ƘasaTarayyar Amurka
Mascot (en) FassaraVivian James (en) Fassara
Described at URL (en) Fassaratheguardian.com…
Hashtag (en) FassaraGamerGate da GameJournosAreBad
Perpetrator (en) Fassara4chan (mul) Fassara, 8chan/kun (en) Fassara da Reddit (mul) Fassara
Wanda ya rutsa da suZoë Quinn (mul) Fassara, Anita Sarkeesian (mul) Fassara da Brianna Wu (mul) Fassara

'GamerGate' ko GamerGate (GG) [1] wani kamfen ne na cin zarafin mata a kan layi wanda aka yi amfani da shi ta hanyar adawa da mata, bambancin, da ci gaba a Al'adun wasan bidiyo.[2] An gudanar da shi ta amfani da hashtag "#Gamergate" da farko a cikin 2014 da 2015.[lower-alpha 1] Gamergate ta yi niyya ga mata a cikin Masana'antar wasan bidiyo, musamman mai sukar kafofin watsa labarai na mata Anita Sarkeesian da masu haɓaka wasan bidiyo Zoë Quinn da Brianna Wu.[lower-alpha 2]

Gamergate ya fara ne da shigar da shafin yanar gizon watan Agusta 2014 daga tsohon saurayin Quinn, wanda ya nuna cewa Quinn ya sami bita mai kyau saboda dangantakar jima'i ta Quinn da ɗan jaridar wasanni. An yada sakon shafin yanar gizon zuwa 4chan, inda masu amfani da yawa suka raina aikin Quinn. Wannan ya haifar da kamfen na cin zarafin Quinn, wanda aka tsara ta hanyar allon saƙo mara izini kamar 4chan, 8chan, da Reddit.[10][11]Yaƙin neman zaɓe ya faɗaɗa don yin niyya ga Sarkeesian, Wu, da sauransu waɗanda suka kare Quinn, kuma sun haɗa da doxing, Barazanar fyade, da barazanar mutuwa.

Masu goyon bayan Gamergate ("Gamergaters") sun yi iƙirarin inganta ɗabi'a a cikin aikin jarida na wasan bidiyo da kare asalin "gamer" a adawa da "Daidaitaccen siyasa" da kuma tasirin da aka gani na mata da "wararrun adalci na zamantakewa" a kan al'adun wasan bidiyo.[lower-alpha 3] Masu goyon baya sun yi zargin cewa akwai makirci tsakanin 'yan jarida da masu haɓakawa don mayar da hankali kan batutuwan zamantakewa masu ci gaba kamar daidaito tsakanin jinsi da jima'i. Irin waɗannan da'awar an yi watsi da su a matsayin marasa amfani, marasa tushe, ko kuma ba su da alaƙa da ainihin batutuwan ɗabi'a a cikin caca da aikin jarida. Masu sharhi da yawa a cikin kafofin watsa labarai sun watsar da korafin a matsayin murfin cin zarafin.[30][31]Gamergaters akai-akai sun musanta duk wani irin wannan cin zarafin da ya faru, suna da'awar cewa wadanda abin ya shafa ne suka kirkireshi.

An bayyana Gamergate a matsayin Yakin al'adu game da bambancin al'adu, fahimtar fasaha, mata a cikin wasannin bidiyo, sukar zamantakewa a cikin wasannun bidiyo, da kuma asalin zamantakewar 'yan wasa.[lower-alpha 4] Magoya bayan sun bayyana cewa ƙungiya ce ta zamantakewa. Koyaya, a matsayin motsi, Gamergate ba shi da manufofi da aka bayyana a sarari, saƙo mai ma'ana, ko shugabannin hukuma, yana mai da wuya a bayyana.[37]Gamergate ya jagoranci adadi a ciki da waje na masana'antar caca don mayar da hankali kan hanyoyin magance cin zarafin kan layi, rage lahani da hana irin waɗannan abubuwan.[lower-alpha 5] An kalli Gamergate a matsayin wanda ya ba da gudummawa ga alt-dama da sauran ƙungiyoyin dama.[23]

Tarihi

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A cikin 2013, Zoë Quinn, mai haɓaka wasan mai zaman kansa, ya fitar da Depression Quest, wasan da aka tsara don isar da kwarewar baƙin ciki ta hanyar jerin abubuwan da suka faru, bisa ga wani ɓangare na kwarewar Quinn da cutar.[24][12][25][26]Wasan ya sami bita mai kyau a cikin kafofin watsa labarai na caca da kuma daga masu sana'ar kiwon lafiya na kwakwalwa, amma ya fuskanci rashin amincewa a kan layi daga 'yan wasan da ba sa son tashi daga tsarin wasan da ke jaddada tashin hankali da ƙwarewa kuma wadanda suka yi tsayayya da "tsarin siyasa" shiga cikin al'adun' yan wasa. [13][27][28][27]Quinn ya fuskanci watanni da yawa na cin zarafi bayan an sake shi, ciki har da fyade da barazanar mutuwa.[12][13]Quinn ya rubuta game da cin zarafin da suka samu kuma ya yi magana a bayyane ga kafofin watsa labarai game da shi, wanda ya haifar da ƙarin cin zarafin su kamar sanya adireshin gidansu a kan layi.[lower-alpha 6][9]Sun soke bayyanar jama'a a nan gaba kuma daga ƙarshe sun tsere daga gidansu saboda tsoron tsaron su.[26][30][53][31]

Rashin jituwa da abubuwan da za a san su da Gamergate sun fara ne a watan Agustan 2014 a matsayin hari na mutum a kan Quinn, wanda tsohon saurayin Quinn, Eron Gjoni ya gabatar da shi.[55][25][28]An kira shi "The Zoe Post",[lower-alpha 7] ya kasance mai tsawo, cikakken bayani game da dangantakarsu da rabuwa wanda ya haɗa da kwafin bayanan hira na sirri, imel, da saƙonnin rubutu.[57] Shafin yanar gizon ya nuna cewa Quinn ya sami bita mai kyau na Depression Quest don musayar jima'i da Nathan Grayson, mai ba da rahoto ga shafukan yanar gizo na Kotaku da Rock Paper Shotgun. Gjoni daga baya ya ce ba shi da "babu wata shaida" game da rikice-rikicen jima'i na sha'awa a bangaren Quinn.[lower-alpha 8] Grayson bai taba nazarin kowane wasa na Quinn ba, kuma an buga labarin Kotaku kawai da ya ambaci su kafin dangantakarsu ta fara. Duk da haka, kamar yadda The Daily Dot ya ruwaito, 'yan wasa a kan layi sun yi amfani da shafin yanar gizon Gjoni don zargin Quinn, ba tare da shaida ba, na cinikin jima'i don ci gaban sana'a.[62][33]An aika da hanyar haɗi zuwa shafin yanar gizon zuwa 4chan, inda masu amfani da yawa a baya suka kasance masu sukar Depression Quest, wanda ya haifar da sabunta hare-hare kan Quinn.

Bayan rubutun shafin yanar gizon Gjoni, Quinn da danginsu sun fuskanci kamfen ɗin cin zarafin mata sau da yawa. Masu kai hari kan layi na Quinn da farko sun yi amfani da lakabin "Quinnspiracy", daga baya suka karɓi hashtag "#Gamergate" bayan ɗan wasan kwaikwayo Adam Baldwin ne ya kirkireshi a ranar 27 ga Agusta, 2014, wanda kusan mabiyan Twitter 190,000 suka taimaka wajen yaduwar hashtag.[34][35][36][lower-alpha 9][30] Dan jarida mai suna Milo Yiannopoulos ya shahara da hashtag a kan Breitbart News, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin fitattun muryoyin Gamergate da ƙungiyar adawa da mata a ko'ina.[30] An tsara cin zarafin Gamergate ta hanyar IRC, yana yaduwa cikin sauri a kan allon hoto da forums kamar 4chan da Reddit.

Manazarta

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  1. 1 2 Adam M. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ↑ Wells, Garrison; Romhanyi, Agnes; Reitman, Jason G.; Gardner, Reginald; Squire, Kurt; Steinkuehler, Constance (April 11, 2023). "Right-Wing Extremism in Mainstream Games: A Review of the Literature". Games and Culture. 19 (4): 469–492. doi:10.1177/15554120231167214. ISSN 1555-4120.
  3. ↑ Emery, David (April 4, 2022). "Snopestionary: What Was 'Gamergate'?". Snopes.com. Archived from the original on April 7, 2022. Retrieved April 8, 2022.
  4. ↑ Talia, Lavin (January 1, 2019). "The Fetid, Right-Wing Origins of "Learn to Code"". The New Republic. Archived from the original on February 1, 2019. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
  5. ↑ Romano, Aja (January 20, 2020). "What we still haven't learned from Gamergate". Vox. Archived from the original on November 4, 2020. Retrieved November 21, 2020.
  6. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Murray".
  7. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "nytimes usu threat".
  8. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "WuBoston".
  9. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "GlobeFeature".
  10. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Nieborg & Foxman".
  11. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Coordination of harassment".
  12. 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Massanari 2017".
  13. 1 2 3 4 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Jane".
  14. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Hathaway".
  15. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Ip 2014".
  16. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "BBC".
  17. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Dewey".
  18. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Guide to Gamergate".
  19. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "CSM 2015-01-20".
  20. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Verge 2015-01-17".
  21. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "engadetSXSWSummit".
  22. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "RecodeSXSWSummit".
  23. ↑ Maiberg, Emanuel (February 9, 2017). "Under Trump, Gamergate Can Stop Pretending It Was About Games". Vice News. Archived from the original on February 13, 2021. Retrieved January 18, 2021.
  24. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Kidd & Turner".
  25. 1 2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Hanson".
  26. 1 2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Parkin".
  27. 1 2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Salter".
  28. 1 2 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Mantilla".
  29. ↑ Prokos, Hayley (August 27, 2019). "Zoë Quinn accuses 'Night in the Woods' game developer and ex-partner Alec Holowka of harassment and abuse". Newsweek (in Turanci). Archived from the original on August 28, 2019. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
  30. 1 2 3 Greengard, Samuel (May 18, 2023). "Gamergate". Encyclopædia Britannica (in Turanci). Archived from the original on June 13, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
  31. ↑ Gray, Kishonna L.; Buyukozturk, Bertan; Hill, Zachary G. (March 1, 2017). "Blurring the boundaries: Using Gamergate to examine "real" and symbolic violence against women in contemporary gaming culture". Sociology Compass. 11 (3). doi:10.1111/soc4.12458. ISSN 1751-9020. S2CID 151398094. Archived from the original on July 18, 2021. Retrieved July 18, 2021.
  32. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Jason".
  33. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "dot".
  34. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Singal September 2014".
  35. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Shaw & Chess 2016".
  36. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named "Aghazadeh et al".
  37. ↑ Samfuri:Harvp; Samfuri:Harvp
  38. ↑ Samfuri:Harvp; Samfuri:Harvp
  1. ↑ Attributed to multiple references:[1][3][4][5]
  2. ↑ Attributed to multiple references:[6]Samfuri:Sfnp[7][8][9]
  3. ↑ Attributed to multiple references:[12][13]Samfuri:Sfnp[14]
  4. ↑ Attributed to multiple references:[15][16][17][18]
  5. ↑ Attributed to multiple references:[19][20][21][22]
  6. ↑ Quinn uses they/them pronouns.[29]
  7. ↑ Gjoni initially published the post on the video-game sites Penny Arcade and Something Awful. After it was removed by the sites' moderators, Gjoni published "The Zoe Post" via the blogging platform WordPress.[32]
  8. ↑ Gjoni later blamed the insinuation on a typographical error.[13]
  9. ↑ Baldwin, known for his right-wing political views,[37] tweeted the hashtag #GamerGate near the end of August alongside a pair of videos promoting the "Quinnspiracy" by a YouTube user called Internet Aristocrat.[38] He would later tell an interviewer that "leftists" were imposing "political crap" on gamers.Samfuri:Sfnp
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