Indwara ya Chagas
| Indwara ya Chagas | |
|---|---|
| Other names: American trypanosomiasis | |
 | |
| Udukoko twa Trypanosoma cruzi mu amaraso tubonwa na mikorosikopi | |
 | |
| Ishami ry'ubuvuzi | Indwara zandura |
| Ibimenyetso | Umuriro, kubyimba kw'inturugunyu, kuribwa umutwe |
| Ingaruka | Kunanirwa k'umutima, kwaguka k'umuhogo cyangwa k'urura runini |
| Impamvu | Trypanosoma cruzi ikwirakwizwa n'udukoko dusomana |
| Uburyo bwo kuyisuzuma | Kubona agakoko, ADN yako cyangwa antibodies mu maraso |
| Kwirinda | Kurandura udukoko dusomana, gusuzuma amaraso yo guterwa |
| Imiti | Benznidazole, nifurtimox |
| Inshuro | Abagera kuri miliyoni 8 |
| Abo yahitanye | Abarenga 10 000 ku mwaka |
Indwara ya Chagas, izwi kandi nka American trypanosomiasis, ni indwara yo mu turere dushyuha iterwa n'agakoko Trypanosoma cruzi. Ikwirakwizwa cyane cyane n'udukoko twa Triatominae, tuzwi nka « udukoko dusomana ». Mu ntangiriro, ibimenyetso akenshi ntibigaragara cyangwa biba byoroheje, ariko nyuma y'imyaka myinshi indwara ishobora kwangiza umutima n'urwungano ngogozi.
Bivugwa ko abantu bagera kuri miliyoni 8 banduye, cyane cyane muri Megizike, Amerika yo Hagati na Amerika y’Epfo, kandi ihitana abarenga 10 000 buri mwaka. Yasobanuwe bwa mbere mu 1909 n'umuganga w'Umunyaburezile Carlos Chagas, ari na we yitiriwe.
Uko yandura
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Trypanosoma cruzi ikunze kwandurira mu bantu no mu zindi nyamaswa iyo zirumwe n'udukoko dusomana.[1] Iyi ndwara ishobora kandi kwandurira mu guterwa amaraso, mu guterwa ingingo, mu kurya ibiryo byanduye, no kuva kuri nyina kugeza ku mwana we atwite cyangwa avuka.[2] Agakoko gafata ubwoko burenga 150 bw'inyamaswa.[3]
Ibimenyetso
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Ibimenyetso birahinduka uko ubwandu bugenda. Mu cyiciro cya mbere, kimara nk'amezi abiri, ibimenyetso akenshi ntibigaragara cyangwa bikaba byoroheje: umuriro, kubyimba kw'inturugunyu, kuribwa umutwe, cyangwa kubyimba aho umuntu yarumwe.[2] Nyuma yaho, abantu binjira mu cyiciro cy'indwara idakira, akenshi idatanga ibimenyetso.[4]
Nyuma y'imyaka 10 kugeza kuri 30, kugeza kuri kimwe cya gatatu cy'abanduye barwara indwara z'umutima, zishobora gutuma umutima unanirwa. Umwe ku icumi agira ingorane zo mu rwungano ngogozi (nko kwaguka k'umuhogo cyangwa k'urura runini), iz'imitsi cyangwa zombi.[2]
Gusuzuma
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Mu cyiciro cya mbere, indwara isuzumwa hashakishwa agakoko mu maraso hakoreshejwe mikorosikopi, cyangwa hashakishwa ADN yako hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa polymerase chain reaction (PCR).[4] Indwara idakira ivumburwa no kubona antibodies za T. cruzi mu maraso.[5]
Kwirinda no kuvura
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Kwirinda bibanda ku kurandura udukoko dusomana no kwirinda kurumwa natwo, urugero hakoreshejwe imiti yica udukoko cyangwa inzitiramibu.[6] Izindi ngamba zirimo gusuzuma amaraso n'ingingo bigiye guterwa abandi, no gusuzuma abana bavutse ku babyeyi banduye. Kugeza mu 2026, nta rukingo ruraboneka.[2]
Ubwandu bwa vuba buvurwa n'imiti ya benznidazole cyangwa nifurtimox, ikora neza iyo itanzwe hakiri kare, ariko imbaraga zayo zikagabanuka uko umuntu amaze igihe kinini yanduye.[2] Iyo ikoreshejwe mu ndwara idakira, ishobora gutinza cyangwa gukumira ibimenyetso bya nyuma.[4] Iyi miti ikunze gutera ingaruka mbi (indwara z'uruhu, kurakara mu gifu, ibimenyetso by'imitsi) ku bantu bakuru bagera kuri 40%, kandi ntihabwa abagore batwite cyangwa abafite ibibazo by'impyiko cyangwa umwijima.[2] Imiti mishya n'inkingo z'igerageza biracyakorwaho ubushakashatsi.[7][8]
Ikwirakwizwa
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Indwara ya Chagas iboneka cyane cyane mu bihugu 21 byo muri Amerika y'Epfo n'iyo Hagati, ariko ubwandu bwabonetse mu bihugu 44. Abantu barenga miliyoni 100 bafite ibyago byo kwandura.[2] Abenshi mu barwayi ni abakene,[9] kandi abenshi ntibazi ko banduye.[5] Ubwimukira bw'abaturage bwatumye iboneka no mu bindi bihugu, birimo ibyo mu Uburayi na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.[4] Ishyirwa mu cyiciro cy'indwara zo mu turere dushyuha zirengagijwe.[2]
Amateka
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]Iyi ndwara yasobanuwe bwa mbere ku muntu ku wa 14 Mata 1909 n'umuganga w'Umunyaburezile (Burezile) Carlos Chagas, ari na we yitiriwe.[2] Kuva mu 2019, tariki ya 14 Mata yizihizwa nk'Umunsi Mpuzamahanga w'Indwara ya Chagas.[2]
Amafoto
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]
Kubyimba aho umuntu yarumwe
Umutima wangijwe n'indwara
Carlos Chagas
Inyandiko
[Hindura | hindura inkomoko]- ↑ "DPDx – Trypanosomiasis, American. Fact Sheet". Centers for Disease Control (CDC). 30 April 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis)". World Health Organization (in Icyongereza). 2026-04-08. Retrieved 2026-10-17.
- ↑ Capinera JL, ed. (2008). Encyclopedia of entomology (2nd ed.). Dordrecht: Springer. p. 824. ISBN 9781402062421.
- 1 2 3 4 Bern C (July 2015). "Chagas' disease". N. Engl. J. Med. (Review). 373 (5): 456–66. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1410150. PMID 26222561.
- 1 2 Guarner J (May 2019). "Chagas disease as example of a reemerging parasite". Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology. 36 (3): 164–9. doi:10.1053/j.semdp.2019.04.008. PMID 31006555.
- ↑ Rassi A, Rassi A, Marin-Neto JA (April 2010). "Chagas disease". Lancet. 375 (9723): 1388–402. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60061-X. PMID 20399979.
- ↑ Rios LE, Vázquez-Chagoyán JC, Pacheco AO, Zago MP, Garg NJ (2019). "Immunity and vaccine development efforts against Trypanosoma cruzi". Acta Tropica. 200: 105168. doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.105168. ISSN 0001-706X.
- ↑ Vermelho AB, Rodrigues GC, Supuran CT (2019). "Why hasn't there been more progress in new Chagas disease drug discovery?". Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery. 15 (2): 145–158. doi:10.1080/17460441.2020.1681394. ISSN 1746-0441.
- ↑ Rassi Jr A, Rassi A, Marcondes de Rezende J (June 2012). "American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)". Infectious Disease Clinics of North America. 26 (2): 275–91. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2012.03.002. PMID 22632639.